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Steven Spielberg:
Welcome, everyone. It’s an honor to gather here today to discuss one of humanity’s most critical missions: the pursuit of a nuclear-free world. This is not just a matter of politics or security—it’s a profound question of morality, resilience, and our shared responsibility for future generations.
We are privileged to have with us an extraordinary group of individuals whose lives and work have profoundly shaped the global dialogue on peace and disarmament. At the heart of this discussion is Terumi Tanaka, a survivor of the Nagasaki atomic bombing and co-chair of Nihon Hidankyo, which was awarded the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize for its tireless advocacy for a nuclear-free world and its efforts to amplify the testimonies of survivors.
Joining us is Hans Blix, former Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, whose expertise in disarmament and verification has shaped global policies. We also welcome Beatrice Fihn, the executive director of ICAN, whose leadership helped secure the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.
I’m honored to introduce the Dalai Lama, a spiritual leader whose message of compassion and peace reminds us of the moral dimensions of this issue. And finally, Kazumi Matsui, the Mayor of Hiroshima and President of Mayors for Peace, representing the legacy and vision of a world free of nuclear threats.
Together, in this imaginary setting, we will explore how personal stories, ethical principles, and collaborative efforts can inspire meaningful change. Let’s begin this vital discussion.

The Power of Survivor Testimony and Collective Memory
Steven Spielberg:
“Thank you all for joining this critical discussion on the power of survivor testimony and collective memory. As someone who has tried to preserve stories through film, I’ve learned that truth becomes immortal when shared. Today, we will delve into how these stories can shape a better world. Terumi, let’s begin with you. Could you share how your experiences as a hibakusha—an atomic bomb survivor—shaped your mission?”
Terumi Tanaka:
“Thank you, Steven. My story, like so many others, began on August 9, 1945, in Nagasaki. I was 13 years old. The world as I knew it vanished in an instant. Yet, I survived. For years, I wrestled with guilt and anger. But over time, I understood that my survival carried a responsibility—to ensure no one else would experience the devastation of nuclear weapons. Sharing my story has been painful, but it’s also been my greatest tool in showing the world why these weapons must be abolished.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Your resilience is extraordinary, Terumi. Elie, you also turned personal pain into powerful advocacy through your work about the Holocaust. How does testimony act as a bridge between the past and the future?”
Elie Wiesel (Posthumously):
“Survivor testimony is a sacred duty. When we speak, we carry the voices of those who cannot. Memory fights the darkness of denial and indifference. Like Terumi, I found that sharing my story brought not only healing but also awareness. It is not enough to remember; the world must act on what it remembers. This is the bridge testimony builds—a call to prevent history’s worst chapters from repeating.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Well said. Malala, as a young advocate, you’ve used your personal story to inspire global movements. How do you see testimony shaping the future?”
Malala Yousafzai:
“Testimony is the heart of change. When I shared my story of surviving a violent attack, I didn’t just tell people what happened—I showed them what is possible. Survivors like Terumi and Elie remind us that even the most painful memories can guide us toward hope. The courage of individuals to speak up can inspire nations to take action, whether for education, human rights, or nuclear disarmament.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Ken, your documentaries preserve history for generations. How do you ensure that the stories you tell honor those who lived through such events?”
Ken Burns:
“It’s about authenticity and respect. My goal is to let the survivors’ voices guide the narrative, just as Terumi and Elie have done. Testimonies are more than just facts; they are human truths. When we preserve these stories, we are building a repository of lessons—a reminder of what humanity can overcome and what we must never allow again.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Finally, Setsuko, your advocacy has been deeply rooted in your experiences as a Hiroshima survivor. How do you view your testimony in the global fight against nuclear weapons?”
Setsuko Thurlow:
“My testimony is my protest. By sharing what I witnessed, I am confronting the world with the human cost of nuclear warfare. It’s not just about remembering Hiroshima and Nagasaki—it’s about ensuring these horrors serve as a warning for the future. Survivors like Terumi and I have seen the worst of humanity, but we also believe in its capacity for peace. That belief keeps us speaking out.”
Steven Spielberg:
“This has been an enlightening discussion. Testimonies like yours are not only powerful—they are essential. They challenge complacency and inspire action. Together, we honor the past by using its lessons to build a better future. Thank you all for sharing your stories and your wisdom.”
Ethics, Morality, and the Global Responsibility for Peace
Steven Spielberg:
“Welcome, everyone. Today, we discuss the ethical and moral dimensions of nuclear weapons and our collective responsibility for peace. The question of morality in warfare, particularly with weapons as destructive as nuclear bombs, is one that challenges humanity at its core. Terumi, let’s start with you again. What ethical lessons do you think the world must take from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings?”
Terumi Tanaka:
“Thank you, Steven. The bombings taught us that humanity's greatest error is valuing power over life. The destruction was indiscriminate—children, families, generations erased in an instant. No cause, no ideology, no strategy justifies such inhumanity. The ethical lesson is simple: we must recognize the sanctity of every life and reject weapons that threaten our shared existence. Peace cannot be achieved through fear.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Powerful words, Terumi. Your message underscores the urgency of this conversation. Dalai Lama, you’ve long spoken about compassion as a foundation for peace. How does compassion guide us in addressing nuclear weapons?”
Dalai Lama:
“Compassion reminds us that all beings wish to avoid suffering. Nuclear weapons create unimaginable suffering, not just for those directly affected but for all sentient beings on this planet. From an ethical perspective, relying on such weapons for security is a failure of imagination. True peace comes from mutual understanding, dialogue, and addressing the roots of conflict, not from threats or fear.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Thank you, Your Holiness. Pope Francis, the Vatican has taken a strong stance against nuclear weapons. How does faith influence the moral argument for disarmament?”
Pope Francis:
“Faith teaches us to see every person as a child of God, deserving of dignity and love. Nuclear weapons contradict this fundamental belief. They deny humanity, reduce people to targets, and threaten creation itself. The Church calls for the abolition of these weapons because they perpetuate a culture of fear, not love. As stewards of the Earth, we are morally obligated to protect it, not destroy it.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Amartya, your work often bridges ethics and economics. How do you see the ethical argument for nuclear disarmament intersecting with global economics?”
Amartya Sen:
“Nuclear weapons represent a colossal misallocation of resources. The funds spent maintaining these arsenals could address poverty, education, and healthcare—issues that directly impact human flourishing. From an ethical standpoint, it is unjust to prioritize weapons of mass destruction over the well-being of billions. Disarmament is not just a moral imperative but an economic one, redirecting resources to build a more equitable world.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Jane, you’ve spent your life advocating for harmony between humans and nature. What do you see as the environmental and moral consequences of nuclear weapons?”
Jane Goodall:
“The environmental destruction caused by nuclear weapons is catastrophic and long-lasting. They poison the Earth, the water, and all forms of life. Morally, we must question how we can claim to care for the planet while harboring the means to destroy it. Protecting our environment is a moral duty, inseparable from the fight for peace. The survival of future generations—human and non-human—depends on our actions today.”
Steven Spielberg:
“This discussion reminds us that the ethical arguments against nuclear weapons are as diverse as they are compelling. From compassion to economic justice, faith, and environmental stewardship, the message is clear: nuclear weapons violate the very principles that make us human. Thank you all for sharing your wisdom. Together, let us strive for a world where peace, not destruction, defines our legacy.”
The Role of Advocacy and International Collaboration

Steven Spielberg:
“Welcome, everyone. Advocacy and collaboration are critical in the fight for a nuclear-free world. Today, we explore how organizations, governments, and individuals can work together to achieve disarmament. Terumi, let’s begin with you. As a hibakusha and a leader of Nihon Hidankyo, what role has advocacy played in your mission?”
Terumi Tanaka:
“Thank you, Steven. Advocacy is the heartbeat of our work. Survivors like me carry the weight of what we experienced and use our voices to awaken the world. Nihon Hidankyo has worked tirelessly to connect with global leaders and organizations, emphasizing that nuclear disarmament isn’t just a national issue—it’s a human issue. Our advocacy has created a network of solidarity, showing that collaboration is the only way forward.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Ban Ki-moon, as a former UN Secretary-General, you’ve been instrumental in promoting global cooperation. What challenges do you see in achieving international collaboration on nuclear disarmament?”
Ban Ki-moon:
“The greatest challenge is the deep-seated mistrust among nations. Nuclear-armed states often see their weapons as symbols of security and power. Overcoming this requires not only dialogue but also transparency and confidence-building measures. During my tenure, I urged world leaders to prioritize disarmament. The UN’s role is to provide a neutral platform for these discussions, but success depends on political will and sustained public pressure.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Beatrice Fihn, you’ve led ICAN in groundbreaking work to secure the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. How do advocacy campaigns like yours bring about tangible change?”
Beatrice Fihn:
“Advocacy campaigns succeed by mobilizing people and framing nuclear weapons as unacceptable. At ICAN, we focused on the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons, highlighting the voices of survivors like Terumi. By shifting the narrative from geopolitics to human suffering, we gained the moral high ground. The treaty was a result of relentless advocacy and the collective efforts of civil society, survivors, and supportive governments. It proves that collaboration works.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Angela Merkel, as a former leader of one of the world’s most influential nations, how do you view the role of political leadership in advancing nuclear disarmament?”
Angela Merkel:
“Political leadership is vital but often constrained by competing interests. Leaders must balance national security concerns with moral obligations. In Germany, we supported non-proliferation efforts while working with NATO allies. My experience taught me that progress requires persistence, diplomacy, and strong partnerships. Politicians must also listen to advocates like Terumi and Beatrice, who remind us of the human stakes in these discussions.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Greta, your activism has mobilized millions to demand action on climate change. What lessons from your movement could apply to nuclear disarmament advocacy?”
Greta Thunberg:
“The biggest lesson is that change starts with people. Grassroots movements create pressure that leaders cannot ignore. Like climate change, nuclear disarmament is a global problem requiring urgent action. Young people, especially, must recognize that their voices matter. We inherit the consequences of these weapons, so it’s our right—and duty—to demand their abolition. Collaboration between movements is also key; peace and environmental sustainability go hand in hand.”
Steven Spielberg:
“This conversation shows how advocacy and collaboration can turn ideals into action. From grassroots movements to political leadership, every voice matters in building a nuclear-free world. Thank you all for your insights and commitment to this critical cause.”
Healing and Resilience—Transforming Pain into Advocacy
Steven Spielberg:
“Good day, everyone. Today, we focus on an inspiring theme—how pain and trauma can be transformed into advocacy and resilience. It’s a privilege to hear from individuals who have turned personal hardships into movements for global change. Terumi, you’ve carried the weight of surviving the Nagasaki bombing and dedicated your life to nuclear disarmament. How has this journey shaped your perspective on healing?”
Terumi Tanaka:
“Thank you, Steven. Healing is a long and personal process. For me, it began when I decided to share my story. At first, it was painful to relive those moments, but I realized that my pain could be a force for change. Advocacy became my way of healing—knowing that my voice could prevent others from experiencing similar suffering. Resilience, I believe, comes from finding purpose in tragedy.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Powerful words, Terumi. Viktor, your work has touched on the meaning of suffering. How do you think individuals like Terumi can transform pain into a source of strength?”
Viktor Frankl (Posthumously):
“Suffering, in itself, is meaningless. It gains meaning when we find a purpose within it. Survivors like Terumi show us that even the worst experiences can become a foundation for hope and action. When a person turns their pain into service for others, they transcend it. This transformation is the essence of resilience—it is what allows humanity to rebuild after tragedy.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Desmond, your efforts in reconciliation and healing have inspired millions. What role does forgiveness play in the journey from pain to advocacy?”
Desmond Tutu (Posthumously):
“Forgiveness is not forgetting—it is releasing oneself from the burden of hatred and revenge. Terumi’s work demonstrates this beautifully. Survivors do not seek retribution; they seek understanding and change. Forgiveness allows us to reclaim our humanity and use our experiences to uplift others. It is through this process that pain can become a force for peace.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Shirin, your advocacy for human rights in Iran has faced significant challenges. How have you maintained resilience in the face of adversity?”
Shirin Ebadi:
“Resilience comes from believing in the power of truth and justice. Like Terumi, I have seen that speaking out, even in the face of great danger, is the only way to create change. Pain fuels my determination, not my despair. Advocacy transforms pain into a tool for empowerment—not just for ourselves but for those who come after us.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Naomi, as an advocate for mental health, you’ve shown incredible courage in addressing your own struggles. What can we learn about resilience from your journey?”
Naomi Osaka:
“For me, resilience is about being honest with yourself and finding strength in vulnerability. Sharing my struggles has been challenging, but it’s also been freeing. It’s important to show people that even in the darkest times, it’s okay to reach out, to fight for yourself, and to fight for others. Advocacy is about using your voice to help others feel less alone, which is exactly what survivors like Terumi are doing.”
Steven Spielberg:
“This has been a deeply moving discussion. Each of you has shown that pain, while deeply personal, can become a universal force for good. Resilience is not just about overcoming—it’s about transforming and inspiring. Thank you all for your wisdom and courage.”
The Future of a Nuclear-Free World
Steven Spielberg:
“Welcome, everyone. As we conclude this series of discussions, we turn our focus to the future—a world free of nuclear weapons. This vision is ambitious, yet it’s essential for humanity’s survival. Terumi, as someone who has witnessed the devastation of nuclear weapons firsthand, what do you see as the most urgent steps toward this future?”
Terumi Tanaka:
“Thank you, Steven. The first step is building global awareness. Too many people, especially younger generations, view nuclear weapons as an abstract issue. We must connect them to the human suffering they cause. Beyond that, nations must commit to international treaties like the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. Advocacy, education, and international pressure are key. Survivors like me will not stop until this dream becomes a reality.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Your determination is inspiring, Terumi. Hans Blix, as a former Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, you’ve been deeply involved in disarmament efforts. What strategies do you believe can realistically achieve a nuclear-free world?”
Hans Blix:
“We need to build trust among nations. Verification and transparency are crucial. Agreements like START and the Non-Proliferation Treaty have shown progress is possible, but they need strengthening. The international community must hold nuclear powers accountable while providing incentives for disarmament. Global cooperation, coupled with strong institutions, is the path forward.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Noam, you’ve often criticized militarism and nuclear proliferation. What role do you think public pressure and activism play in pushing for disarmament?”
Noam Chomsky:
“Public pressure is essential. Governments often act in the interest of power rather than people. Movements like those led by Terumi and organizations like ICAN show that ordinary citizens can influence policy. Activism disrupts complacency and forces leaders to confront the moral and practical costs of nuclear weapons. Change will only come if the public demands it loudly and persistently.”
Steven Spielberg:
“John Kerry, as a seasoned diplomat and the U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, you’ve dealt with complex international negotiations. How can nations balance security concerns with the need for disarmament?”
John Kerry:
“It’s a delicate balance, Steven. Many countries see nuclear weapons as deterrents, but the truth is they’re liabilities. The key is demonstrating that disarmament doesn’t compromise security. This requires multilateral agreements, robust verification, and addressing the underlying conflicts that drive proliferation. It’s challenging, but as we’ve seen with climate accords, progress is possible when there’s political will and international solidarity.”
Steven Spielberg:
“Kazumi Matsui, as the Mayor of Hiroshima and President of Mayors for Peace, you’ve dedicated your leadership to advocating for a nuclear-free future. What role do local governments and cities play in this global effort?”
Kazumi Matsui:
“Cities bear the brunt of nuclear attacks, so we have a moral obligation to lead this fight. Through Mayors for Peace, we’ve united thousands of cities worldwide to advocate for disarmament. Local governments are closer to the people—they amplify their voices and remind national leaders of the human cost of inaction. Grassroots movements and city-level diplomacy are vital in creating a groundswell of support for disarmament.”
Steven Spielberg:
“This discussion has been both sobering and hopeful. A nuclear-free world requires courage, cooperation, and persistence at every level—local, national, and global. Thank you all for your insights and commitment. Together, we can work toward a future defined by peace, not destruction.”
Short Bios:
Terumi Tanaka: A survivor of the Nagasaki atomic bombing and co-chair of Nihon Hidankyo, he has dedicated his life to sharing testimonies of hibakusha and advocating for nuclear disarmament. Under his leadership, Nihon Hidankyo was recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize in 2024 for its tireless efforts to promote a nuclear-free world and amplify the voices of survivors.
Steven Spielberg: Renowned filmmaker and storyteller, Spielberg has brought history and human resilience to life through films like Schindler’s List, fostering understanding and remembrance of global tragedies.
Dalai Lama: The spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism, he is an advocate for peace, compassion, and nonviolence, emphasizing the moral responsibility of humanity in addressing global issues.
Pope Francis: The head of the Catholic Church and a strong proponent of nuclear disarmament, he has consistently called for a culture of peace and the abolition of weapons of mass destruction.
Hans Blix: Former Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Blix has been a leading voice in global efforts for nuclear disarmament and the peaceful use of atomic energy.
Beatrice Fihn: Executive Director of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), which won the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize for its work on the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.
Kazumi Matsui: Mayor of Hiroshima and President of Mayors for Peace, Matsui works to honor the legacy of Hiroshima’s history and promote a nuclear-free future through international collaboration.
Noam Chomsky: Renowned intellectual, linguist, and activist, Chomsky has long critiqued militarism and nuclear proliferation, advocating for global peace and justice.
John Kerry: Former U.S. Secretary of State and current Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, Kerry has extensive experience in international diplomacy and has been a vocal advocate for nuclear disarmament.
Jane Goodall: World-famous primatologist and environmentalist, Goodall promotes harmony between humanity and nature, emphasizing the moral imperative of protecting the planet from destructive forces like nuclear weapons.
Greta Thunberg: Global climate activist and founder of the Fridays for Future movement, Thunberg has inspired millions, advocating for urgent action on interconnected global issues like environmental sustainability and peace.
Viktor Frankl: Holocaust survivor, psychiatrist, and author of Man’s Search for Meaning, Frankl’s philosophy emphasizes finding purpose in suffering and using it to fuel resilience and advocacy.
Desmond Tutu: Nobel Peace Prize laureate and South African Archbishop, Tutu was a leading figure in the fight against apartheid and a champion for peace, reconciliation, and justice worldwide.
Shirin Ebadi: Iranian Nobel Peace Prize laureate and human rights lawyer, Ebadi has been a tireless advocate for democracy, justice, and the protection of vulnerable populations.
Naomi Osaka: Professional tennis player and mental health advocate, Osaka has used her platform to speak out about resilience, vulnerability, and the importance of addressing personal struggles to inspire others.
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